Initiation, development, and achievements of burn rehabilitation therapy in China
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摘要: 我国烧伤康复起步于20世纪70年代中期,从加压疗法做起,显示了预防与治疗瘢痕增生的双重功效,促进了功能康复,也增强了患者康复治疗的信心。此后又陆续开展了醋酸曲安奈德瘢痕内注射、可塑夹板应用、浸浴疗法、器械锻炼、皮肤护理、局部按摩、主动与被动活动、外用抑制瘢痕及色素的药物。21世纪以来,康复手段逐渐增多,开展了心理康复、作业治疗、外用硅酮凝胶、蜡疗及声、光、电、放射治疗,许多医院建立了基金会,举办了儿童夏令营。就全国而言,与巨大的需求相比,依旧面临人员短缺、场地太小、资金断链、缺乏多学科合作、开始时间晚、未能全程康复等问题。伴随着烧伤业界对康复认识的提高、从业人员的增多、设备的改善、经济状况的好转,康复步伐加速,全面落实烧伤康复疗法已显现勃勃生机。全国不同层次医院收治的烧伤总面积超过80%体表总面积(TBSA)、Ⅲ度烧伤面积超过60%TBSA患者被治愈并获得良好康复,不仅反映了我国高超的烧伤救治水平,也体现了整体康复水平的全面提升。Abstract: Burn rehabilitation in China started from compression therapy in the mid-1970s, which showed the dual effects of prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scars. It not only promoted functional rehabilitation but also strengthened the confidence of patients in rehabilitation treatment. Thereafter, more therapies were brought into practice, such as intra-scar injection of triamcinolone acetonide, application of plastic splints, hydrotherapy, exercises with equipment, skin care, local therapeutic massage, active and passive exercises, as well as external use of drugs for inhibiting scars and pigments. Since the beginning of the 21st century, rehabilitation therapies have been gradually increasing. Psychological rehabilitation, occupational therapy, external use of silicone gel, wax therapy and sound, light, electricity, and radiation therapy have been carried out. Many hospitals have established foundations and held summer camps for children. As far as the whole country is concerned, compared with the huge demand, we still face a number of problems such as shortage of working staff, limited working space, capital chain rupture, lack of multi-disciplinary cooperation, untimely treatment, and incomplete rehabilitation. Nowadays, with increasing knowledge of burn rehabilitation and number of practitioners, improvement of equipment and economic situation, the pace of rehabilitation has accelerated, and the overall implementation of burn rehabilitation therapy has shown great vitality. Patients with burn injury involving over 80% total burn surface area (TBSA) of total burn area or full-thickness burn over 60% TBSA were cured and recovered in different levels of hospitals nationwide, which not only reflects the superb level of burn treatment in China but also reflects the overall improvement of rehabilitation level of the country.
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Key words:
- Burns /
- Rehabilitation /
- Therapy
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