Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status of uncertainty in illness and caregiving burden in family members of patients with chronic wounds, and to analyze the relationship between them. Methods A total of 180 patients with chronic wounds admitted to the Department of Emergency of our hospital from October 2017 to March 2018, conforming to the study criteria, were selected by adopting the convenience sampling method. Then one family member who took care of the patients for the longest time and conformed to the study criteria were included in this cross-sectional survey. General Information Questionnaire made by the authors was conducted to investigate the demographic data and wounds of patients, and demographic data of family members. Chinese version of Parent Perception of Uncertainty Scale-Family Member (PPUS-FM) and Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) were used to investigate the uncertainty in illness and caregiving burden. Data were processed with multiple linear regression analysis and partial correlation analysis. Results The effective recovery rate of questionnaire was 91.7% (165/180). (1) The ages of patients were (71±17) years. Among them, there were 89 males and 76 females. The course of chronic wounds was 0.5 to 120.0 months. The wounds were mainly primary occurrence (86.1%, 142 patients), and the main type of wound was pressure ulcer (43.6%, 72 patients). Fifty-seven patients (34.5%) had wound infection. The ages of family members were (56±13) years, and 61.8% (102 people) of them were female. Their daily time of taking care of patients was (10±8) h. (2) The total scores of PPUS-FM of family members were 33 to 125 (88±17) points, mainly in medium level, in which the item score of unpredictability dimension was the highest. (3) The total scores of CBI of family members were 7 to 79 (43±14) points, in which the item score of time-dependence burden dimension was the highest. (4) Uncertainty in PPUS-FM could independently influence 10% of the total variation of caregiving burden in family members of patients (t=3.18, P<0.01). (5) The total scores of PPUS-FM of family members were in significantly positive correlation with the total scores of CBI and scores of physical burden, emotional burden, and social burden, respectively (r=0.33, 0.32, 0.25, 0.36, P<0.05 or P<0.01), while there was no obvious correlation between total scores of PPUS-FM of family members and time-dependence burden/developmental burden (r=0.14, 0.16, P>0.05). Conclusion There is positive correlation between uncertainty in illness and caregiving burden.