Analysis of effects and influencing factors of continuous renal replacement therapy in severe burn patients complicated with acute kidney injury

Heng Xue; Li Changmin; Liu Wei; Li Ning; Yuan Zhiqiang; Peng Yizhi; Li Haisheng; Luo Gaoxing

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20240207-00052

Volume 40 Issue 5

May 2024

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Article Navigation > CHINESE JOURNAL OF BURNS AND WOUNDS > 2024 > 40(5): 468-475

Heng X,Li CM,Liu W,et al.Analysis of effects and influencing factors of continuous renal replacement therapy in severe burn patients complicated with acute kidney injury[J].Chin J Burns Wounds,2024,40(5):468-475.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20240207-00052.

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Analysis of effects and influencing factors of continuous renal replacement therapy in severe burn patients complicated with acute kidney injury

doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20240207-00052

Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China

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Youth Science Fund Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China 82002036

Military Medical Science and Technology Youth Training Plan 20QNPY011

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Corresponding author: Luo Gaoxing, Email: gaoxing.luo@burnstrauma.com
Received Date: 2024-02-07

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To preliminarily evaluate the effects and analyze the influencing factors of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in severe burn patients complicated with acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods This study was a retrospective case series study. From January 2010 to December 2020, 79 severe burn patients complicated with AKI who received CRRT and met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University). The general data (the same below) of all patients were collected, including gender, age, body mass index, burn area, burn index, cause of injury, whether combined with inhalation injury, acute physiology and chronic health status evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score and sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) score on admission, admission time after burn, and time of AKI after admission. The total efficacy of CRRT, including overall effective rate, complete effective rate, partial effective rate, ineffective rate, and deterioration rate, creatinine, urea, cystatin C, and fluid overload rate before and after treatment, in-hospital mortality, predictive mortality based on Baux scoring model, the most common cause of death, and length of hospital stay were recorded. According to the effect of CRRT, the patients were divided into effective group (42 patients) and ineffective group (37 patients). The general information of patients, the time to initiate CRRT after the occurrence of AKI, the duration of CRRT, etiology of AKI, AKI stage before CRRT initiation, CRRT mode, anticoagulant type, and in-hospital mortality were compared between the two groups of patients. The independent influencing factors for CRRT in severe burn patients complicated with AKI were screened. According to the etiology of AKI, the patients were divided into prerenal group (22 patients) and renal group (57 patients). The general information of patients, the time to initiate CRRT after the occurrence of AKI, the duration of CRRT, and total efficacy of CRRT (except for the most common cause of death) were compared between the two groups of patients. Results Among the 79 patients, 73 cases were male and 6 cases were female, with age of (46±14) years, body mass index of (24.0±2.9) kg/m², total burn area of (69±26)% total body surface area (TBSA), full-thickness burn area of (44±25)%TBSA, and burn index of 57 (36, 76). There were 36 cases of flame burns, 19 cases of electrical burns, 16 cases of hydrothermal burns, 6 cases of explosive burns, and 2 cases of chemical burns. Thirty-nine patients were complicated with inhalation injury. The APACHE Ⅱ score was 16 (12, 18) and the SOFA score was 11 (5, 13) on admission. The patients were admitted to the hospital on 0 (0, 2) d after burn, and AKI occurred on 0 (0, 6) d after admission. The overall effective rate of CRRT was 53.16% (42/79), the complete effective rate was 30.38% (24/79), the partial effective rate was 22.78% (18/79), the ineffective rate was 31.65% (25/79), and the deterioration rate was 15.19% (12/79). The creatinine and urea of patients after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (with Z values of -3.26 and -2.54, respectively, P<0.05); there were no statistically significant differences in the cystatin C and fluid overload rate of patients before and after treatment (P>0.05). The in-hospital mortality of patients was 17.72% (14/79), and the predictive mortality based on Baux scoring model was 75.10% (18.94%, 91.84%). The most common cause of death was multiple organ failure, and the length of hospital stay was 39.43 (11.52, 110.58) d. There were statistically significant differences in the full-thickness burn area, the duration of CRRT, and etiology of AKI of patients between effective group and ineffective group (with Z values of -1.99 and -2.90, respectively, χ²=5.58, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the other indicators (P>0.05). The etiology of AKI and full-thickness burn area were the independent influencing factors for CRRT in severe burn patients complicated with AKI (with odds ratios of 4.21 and 1.03, respectively, 95% confidence intervals of 1.20-14.80 and 1.00-1.05, respectively, P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the cause of injury, overall effective rate of CRRT, total burn area, burn index, admission time after burn, time of AKI after admission, the time to initiate CRRT after the occurrence of AKI, and predictive mortality based on Baux score model of patients between prerenal group and renal group (with χ² values of 12.59 and 5.58, respectively, Z values of 2.46, 2.43, -2.43, -4.03, -3.01, and -2.31, respectively, P<0.05). Before treatment, urea and cystatin C of patients in renal group were significantly higher than those in prerenal group (with Z values of -2.98 and -2.77, respectively, P<0.05), and the liquid overload rate was significantly lower than that in prerenal group (Z=-2.99, P<0.05); after treatment, the cystatin C of patients in renal group was significantly higher than that in prerenal group (Z=-2.08, P<0.05); there were no statistically significant differences in the other indicators (P>0.05). Conclusions CRRT can significantly improve renal function, avoid fluid overload, and alleviate renal injury in severe burn patients complicated with AKI. Prerenal AKI is the main independent influencing factor leading to ineffective CRRT.
- Burns,
- Acute kidney injury,
- Root cause analysis,
- Continuous renal replacement therapy,
- Blood purification

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References

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Analysis of effects and influencing factors of continuous renal replacement therapy in severe burn patients complicated with acute kidney injury

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Analysis of effects and influencing factors of continuous renal replacement therapy in severe burn patients complicated with acute kidney injury

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