Study of thermal injury effects on human HaCaT cells under simulated microgravity environment
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摘要: 目的 探讨模拟微重力环境下人HaCaT细胞的热损伤效应。 方法 取人HaCaT细胞,采用随机数字表法分为模拟微重力热损伤(SMGTI)组、正常重力热损伤(NGTI)组和正常重力假伤(NGFI)组。NGFI组和NGTI组细胞于培养瓶中常规培养,SMGTI组细胞应用旋转细胞培养系统模拟微重力培养。将SMGTI组和NGTI组细胞置于45 ℃热水中10 min制作热损伤模型,NGFI组细胞置于37 ℃温水中10 min致假伤。伤后12 h,倒置相差电子显微镜下观察3组细胞形态。伤后2、6、12 h,取3组单细胞悬液,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,实时荧光定量反转录PCR检测热休克蛋白70(HSP70)与基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)及半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(caspase-3)mRNA表达量,实验重复3次。伤后2、6、12 h,取3组细胞培养上清液,酶联免疫吸附测定法检测肝素结合性表皮生长因子(HB-EGF)浓度,实验重复3次。各组各时间点样本数均为3。对数据行析因设计方差分析、单因素方差分析、LSD检验、Kruskal-Wallis
H 检验和Mann-WhitneyU 检验。 结果 (1)伤后12 h,NGFI组细胞形态规则,细胞间排列规则,未见细胞碎片。NGTI组细胞形态较规则,细胞碎片较少,细胞间排列较NGFI组紧密。SMGTI组不规则形态细胞较多,大小不一,可见死亡细胞碎片。(2)NGTI组伤后2 h G1期细胞百分比较NGFI组和SMGTI组明显升高(P <0.05),伤后6、12 h较NGFI组和SMGTI组明显降低(P <0.05)。NGTI组伤后2 h的G2/M期细胞百分比较SMGTI组明显降低(P <0.05),NGTI组伤后6、12 h G2/M期细胞百分比较NGFI组和SMGTI组明显升高(P <0.05)。NGTI组伤后2、6、12 h S期细胞百分比较SMGTI组明显升高(P <0.05),NGTI组伤后2、6 h S期细胞百分比较NGFI组明显降低(P <0.05)。(3)伤后2、6 h,NGTI组细胞HSP70 mRNA表达量为2.50±0.30、3.99±0.35,较NGFI组明显升高(1.14±0.15、0.82±0.27,P <0.05),较SMGTI组明显升高(1.17±0.53、1.65±0.59,P <0.05)。伤后2、6、12 h,SMGTI组细胞MMP-9 mRNA表达量较NGTI组明显升高(Z =-2.319、-2.882、-2.908,P <0.05)。伤后各时间点,NGTI组细胞caspase-3 mRNA表达量与NGFI组、SMGTI组相近(P >0.05)。(4)伤后2、6、12 h,NGTI组细胞培养上清液中HB-EGF浓度较NGFI组明显降低(P <0.01)。伤后2、6 h,SMGTI组细胞培养上清液中HB-EGF浓度较NGTI组明显升高(P <0.01)。 结论 模拟微重力条件下热损伤人HaCaT细胞的增殖、分泌功能以及创伤修复相关蛋白表达呈现复杂、多元的变化,这为进一步研究失重条件下损伤修复提供了理论基础。Abstract: Objective To investigate the thermal injury effects on human HaCaT cells under simulated microgravity environment. Methods The human HaCaT cells were collected and divided into simulated microgravity thermal injury (SMGTI) group, normal gravity thermal injury (NGTI) group, and normal gravity false injury (NGFI) group according to the random number table. Cells in NGTI and NGFI groups were cultured routinely in culture bottle, and cells in SMGTI group were cultured in the rotary cell culture system to simulate microgravity environment. Cells in SMGTI and NGTI groups were bathed in hot water of 45 ℃ for 10 minutes to make thermal injury model, and cells in NGFI group were bathed in warm water of 37 ℃ for 10 minutes to simulate thermal injury. At post injury hour (PIH) 12, cell morphology of 3 groups was observed under inverted phase contrast electron microscope. At PIH 2, 6, and 12, single cell suspension in the 3 groups was collected to detect the cell cycle by flow cytometer and the mRNA expressions of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and cysteine-aspartic protease 3 (caspase-3) by real time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and the experiments were repeated for 3 times. At PIH 2, 6, and 12, cell culture supernatant in the 3 groups was collected to detect the concentration of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method, the experiment was repeated for 3 times. The sample in each group and each time point was 3. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for factorial design, one-way analysis of variance, least significant difference test, Kruskal-WallisH test, and Mann-WhitneyU test. Results (1) At PIH 12, cells in NGFI group showed regular shape and regular arrangement, with no cell debris. The cell shape in NGTI group was generally regular, with fewer cell debris and closer arrangement than that in NGFI group. The cells in SMGTI group showed more irregular shapes, different sizes, and dead cell debris. (2) The percentage of G1 phase cells in NGTI group was significantly higher than that in NGFI group and SMGTI group at PIH 2, respectively (P <0.05), and the percentage of G1 phase cells in NGTI group was significantly lower than that in NGFI group and SMGTI group at PIH 6 and 12, respectively (P <0.05). The percentage of G2/M phase cells in NGTI group was significantly lower than that in SMGTI group at PIH 2 (P <0.05), and the percentage of G2/M phase cells in NGTI group was significantly higher than that in NGFI group and SMGTI group at PIH 6 and 12, respectively (P <0.05). The percentage of S phase cells in NGTI group at PIH 2, 6, and 12 was significantly higher than that in SMGTI group (P <0.05), and the percentage of S phase cells in NGTI group at PIH 2 and 6 was significantly lower than that in NGFI group (P <0.05). (3) The HSP70 mRNA expressions of cells in NGTI group were 2.50±0.30 and 3.99±0.35 at PIH 2 and 6, which were significantly higher than 1.14±0.15 and 0.82±0.27 in NGFI group (P <0.05), and 1.17±0.53 and 1.65±0.59 in SMGTI group (P <0.05). The MMP-9 mRNA expression of cells in SMGTI group was significantly higher than that in NGTI group at PIH 2, 6, and 12, respectively (Z =-2.319, -2.882, -2.908,P <0.05). At each time point after injury, the mRNA expression of caspase-3 of cells in NGTI group was similar to that in NGFI group and SMGTI group, respectively (P >0.05). (4) The concentration of HB-EGF in cell culture supernatant of NGTI group was significantly lower than that in NGFI group at PIH 2, 6 and 12 (P <0.05), and the concentration of HB-EGF in cell culture supernatant of SMGTI group was significantly higher than that in NGTI group at PIH 2 and 6 (P <0.05). Conclusions The proliferation and secretion functions and expression of wound repair related protein of human HaCaT cells inflicted with thermal injury in simulated microgravity environment showed complex and diversified changes, which provide theoretical basis for further research on damage repair under weightlessness. -
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