早期淋巴细胞/血小板比值对大面积烧伤患者预后的意义

徐龙; 胡伦阳; 王宝丽; 周华; 于少硕; 伍国胜; 孙瑜; 王光毅

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200918-00417

早期淋巴细胞/血小板比值对大面积烧伤患者预后的意义

doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200918-00417

1.
海军军医大学第一附属医院烧伤外科，全军烧伤研究所，中国医学科学院烧伤暨烧创复合伤救治关键技术创新单元，上海　　200433
2.
赣州市立医院烧伤整形科，赣州　　341000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目 81671911

中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目 2019-I2M-5-076

详细信息

通讯作者:
王光毅，Email：southeast000@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-18

Significance of early lymphocyte-platelets ratio on the prognosis of patients with extensive burns

1.
Burn Institute of PLA, Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of Burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200433, China
2.
Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China

Funds:

General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China 81671911

Health and Medical Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences 2019-I2M-5-076

More Information

Corresponding author: Wang Guangyi, Email: southeast000@163.com

摘要

摘要: 目的分析大面积烧伤患者早期淋巴细胞/血小板比值（LPR）的变化趋势及特点，探讨LPR对患者预后的意义。方法采用回顾性病例系列研究方法。2008年1月—2018年12月，海军军医大学第一附属医院收治符合入选标准的大面积烧伤患者244例，其中男181例、女63例，年龄（44±16）岁，烧伤总面积为60.0%（42.0%，85.0%）体表总面积。收集患者入院后第1、2、3天血小板和淋巴细胞的检测结果并计算LPR，分析患者入院3 d内LPR的变化趋势。对患者年龄、性别、烧伤总面积、Ⅲ度及以上烧伤面积、合并吸入性损伤、LPR进行单因素、多因素logistic回归分析，筛选患者死亡的危险因素或独立危险因素。根据患者入院后第1天的LPR绘制受试者操作特征（ROC）曲线，找到LPR的最佳临界值并以此将患者分为高LPR组（136例）和低LPR组（108例），比较2组患者烧伤总面积、Ⅲ度及以上烧伤面积，合并吸入性损伤发生率、气管切开发生率、28 d内脱机时间、病死率等临床资料的差异。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线，预测2组患者入院90 d内存活率差异。对数据行Student t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验或 χ ²检验。结果入院3 d内，患者的LPR基本呈时间依赖性上升趋势。入院后第2、3天患者的LPR分别为8.6（5.3，14.4）、8.6（4.9，13.7），均明显高于入院后第1天的6.3（4.2，9.8）， Z值分别为-4.25、-3.43， P<0.01。单因素logistic回归分析显示，年龄、烧伤总面积、Ⅲ度及以上烧伤面积、合并吸入性损伤、LPR均为影响患者死亡的危险因素（比值比分别为1.03、1.73、1.31、4.74、3.11，95%置信区间分别为1.01~1.06、1.40~2.13、1.21~1.42、1.62~13.86、1.41~6.88， P<0.01）；多因素logistic回归分析显示，年龄、Ⅲ度及以上烧伤面积、LPR均为患者死亡的独立危险因素（比值比分别为1.06、1.36、2.85，95%置信区间分别为1.03~1.09、1.19~1.55、1.02~7.97， P<0.05或 P<0.01）。入院后第1天LPR预测患者死亡的ROC曲线下面积为0.61（95%置信区间为0.51~0.71， P<0.05），最佳临界值为5.8，对应的敏感度为77%，特异度为52%。高LPR组患者烧伤总面积、Ⅲ度及以上烧伤面积、合并吸入性损伤发生率、气管切开发生率、病死率均明显高于低LPR组（ Z值分别为-3.06、-3.19， χ ²值分别为5.42、11.64、8.45， P<0.05或 P<0.01）；高LPR组患者的28 d内脱机时间明显短于低LPR组（ Z=-2.98， P<0.01）。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示，低LPR组患者入院90 d内的存活率显著高于高LPR组（ χ ²=8.24， P<0.01）。结论大面积烧伤患者早期LPR呈时间依赖性上升趋势。患者入院后第1天的LPR与烧伤总面积、Ⅲ度及以上烧伤面积、合并吸入性损伤、气管切开及患者病死率密切相关，且为评估大面积烧伤患者预后的独立危险因素之一。入院后第1天的LPR与患者入院90 d内的存活率存在明显相关性，可作为大面积烧伤危重程度的评估指标。
- 烧伤 /
- 危险因素 /
- 预后 /
- 早期 /
- 应激 /
- 淋巴细胞/血小板比值 /
- 全身炎症反应综合征
Abstract: Objective To analyze the changing trend and characteristics of lymphocyte-platelets ratio (LPR) of early stage in patients with extensive burns, and to explore the prognostic significance of LPR. Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted. From January 2008 to December 2018, 244 patients with extensive burns were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, including 181 males and 63 females, aged (44±16) years. The total burned area of patients was 60.0% (42.0%, 85.0%) total body surface area. Platelet and lymphocyte test results of patients were collected on the 1 ^st, 2 ^nd and 3 ^rd day after admission, and LPR of patients was calculated to analyze the changing trend of the three days after admission. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to investigate the risk factors or independent risk factors for death of patients, including age, sex, total burn area, area of full-thickness burns and above, inhalation injury, and LPR. According to the 1 ^st day's LPR after admission of patients, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve predicting death of patients was drawn to find the optimal value of LPR. Patients were divided into high LPR group ( n=136) and low LPR group ( n=108) based on the optimal value of LPR, and the clinical data of total burn area, area of full-thickness burns and above, inhalation injury, tracheotomy, offline time of patients within 28 days, and mortality in the 2 groups were compared. The surviving curve of patients was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method to predict the difference of the 90-day survival rate between the two groups of patients. Data were statistically analyzed with Student's t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-square test. Results Within 3 days of admission, the LPR of patients showed a time-dependent upward trend. LPR of patients on the 2 ^nd and 3 ^rd day after admission was 8.6 (5.3, 14.4) and 8.6 (4.9, 13.7), respectively, which were significantly higher than the 1 ^st day's 6.3 (4.2, 9.8), with Z values of -4.25 and -3.43, respectively, P<0.01. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, total burn area, area of full-thickness burns and above, inhalation injury, and LPR were all risk factors for death of patients (with odds ratios of 1.03, 1.73, 1.31, 4.74, and 3.11, respectively, 95% confidence intervals of 1.01-1.06, 1.40-2.13, 1.21-1.42, 1.62-13.86, and 1.41-6.88, respectively, P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, area of full-thickness burns and above, and LPR were independent risk factors for death of patients (with odds ratios of 1.06, 1.36, and 2.85, respectively, 95% confidence intervals of 1.03-1.09, 1.19-1.55, 1.02-7.97, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The area under ROC curve of the 1 ^st day's LPR, predicting death of patients, was 0.61 (with 95% confidence interval of 0.51-0.71, P<0.05), and the optimal predicted value was 5.8 with corresponding sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 52% respectively. The total burn area, area of full-thickness burns and above, rates of incidence of inhalation injury, tracheotomy, and mortality of patients in high LPR group were significantly higher than those in low LPR group (with Z values of -3.06 and -3.19, χ ² values of 5.42, 11.64, and 8.45, respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The offline time of patients within 28 days in high LPR group was significantly shorter than that in low LPR group ( Z=-2.98, P<0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the 90-day survival rate of admission of patients in low LPR group was significantly higher than that of patients in high LPR group ( χ ²=8.24, P<0.01). Conclusions The early LPR of patients with extensive burns showed a time-dependent upward trend. The LPR on the first day after admission that is closely correlated with total burn area, area of full-thickness and deeper burns, inhalation injury, tracheotomy, and mortality of patients, is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with extensive burns. The first day's LPR after admission is significantly correlated with the 90-day survival rate of patients, which can be used as an evaluation index for the severity of extensive burns.
- Burns /
- Risk factors /
- Prognosis /
- Early stage /
- Stress /
- Lymphocyte-platelets ratio /
- Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
徐龙：研究相关人员的工作分配及文章撰写、整理和提交；胡伦阳、王宝丽：数据整理和分析；周华、于少硕、伍国胜：病例的收集和汇总；孙瑜、王光毅：提供本研究的实验思路、数据处理方法等研究过程中的指导

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1 244例大面积烧伤患者入院后第1天的LPR预测患者死亡情况的ROC曲线

注：黑色曲线下区域为淋巴细胞/血小板比值（LPR）预测患者死亡的受试者操作特征（ROC）曲线下面积

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

2 2组大面积烧伤患者入院90 d内存活率的Kaplan- Meier分析， χ ²=8.24， P=0.004

注：LPR为淋巴细胞/血小板比值；高LPR组和低LPR组患者数分别为136、108例

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表1 影响244例大面积烧伤患者死亡的单因素logistic回归分析结果

因素	β值	Wald值	比值比	95%置信区间	P值
年龄（岁）	0.03	8.54	1.03	1.01~1.06	0.003
性别	0.44	1.35	1.55	0.74~3.24	0.245
烧伤总面积（%TBSA）	0.55	26.59	1.73	1.40~2.13	<0.001
Ⅲ度及以上烧伤面积（%TBSA）	0.27	45.74	1.31	1.21~1.42	<0.001
合并吸入性损伤	1.56	8.06	4.74	1.62~13.86	0.005
入院后第1天LPR	1.14	7.86	3.11	1.41~6.88	0.005
注：TBSA为体表总面积，LPR为淋巴细胞/血小板比值

下载: 导出CSV

表2 影响244例大面积烧伤患者死亡的多因素logistic回归分析结果

因素	β值	Wald值	比值比	95%置信区间	P值
年龄（岁）	0.06	12.86	1.06	1.03~1.09	<0.001
性别	0.41	0.62	1.50	0.55~4.11	0.429
烧伤总面积（%TBSA）	0.02	0.01	1.02	0.73~1.42	0.906
Ⅲ度及以上烧伤面积（%TBSA）	0.30	20.58	1.36	1.19~1.55	<0.001
合并吸入性损伤	0.61	0.82	1.84	0.50~6.81	0.364
入院后第1天LPR	1.05	3.98	2.85	1.02~7.97	0.046
注：TBSA为体表总面积，LPR为淋巴细胞/血小板比值

下载: 导出CSV

表3 2组大面积烧伤患者临床资料比较

组别	例数	年龄（岁）	性别［例（%）］		烧伤总面积［%TBSA， M（ Q ₁， Q ₃）］	Ⅲ度及以上烧伤面积［%TBSA， M（ Q ₁， Q ₃）］	合并吸入性损伤［例（%）］	气管切开［例（%）］
组别	例数	年龄（岁）	男	女	烧伤总面积［%TBSA， M（ Q ₁， Q ₃）］	Ⅲ度及以上烧伤面积［%TBSA， M（ Q ₁， Q ₃）］	合并吸入性损伤［例（%）］	气管切开［例（%）］
低LPR组	108	45±15	82（75.9）	26（24.1）	50.0（40.0，75.0）	19.0（5.3，38.3）	66（61.1）	39（36.1）
高LPR组	136	43±16	99（72.8）	37（27.2）	70.0（45.0，88.0）	30.0（11.0，54.9）	102（75.0）	79（58.1）
统计量值		t=1.15	χ ²=0.31		Z=-3.06	Z=-3.19	χ ²=5.42	χ ²=11.64
P值		0.251	0.579		0.002	0.001	0.020	0.001
注：LPR为淋巴细胞/血小板比值，TBSA为体表总面积，ICU为重症监护病房；高LPR组患者的LPR≥5.8，低LPR组的LPR<5.8；脱机指脱离呼吸机