Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on pain of patients in expansion process of skin soft tissue dilator on forehead by water injection
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摘要: 目的 探讨经皮穴位电刺激(TEAS)对患者额部皮肤软组织扩张器注水扩张过程中疼痛的作用。 方法 2016年6月—2017年6月,上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院整复外科门诊收治符合入选标准的额部皮肤软组织扩张器注水扩张患者100例,其中男43例、女57例,年龄27~55岁,对其进行前瞻性随机对照研究。采用随机数字表法将患者分为TEAS护理组和常规护理组,每组各50例。常规护理组采用常规护理方法对患者于每次门诊注水时、注水2 d后进行常规护理;TEAS护理组患者在常规护理的基础上,于每次门诊注水时,由责任护士对患者进行TEAS治疗,准确定位上星穴、头维穴、合谷穴,采用脉冲针灸治疗仪同时对3处穴位进行电刺激,每次30 min。责任护士嘱患者及其家属于每次门诊注水2 d后开展居家TEAS,每天2次,每次30 min。责任护士进行远程指导并每天电话回访。2组患者护理均持续至整个扩张疗程结束。扩张疗程结束后,责任护士通过数字评价量表对患者扩张过程中的整体疼痛程度和最剧烈疼痛程度进行评分,通过简化舒适状况量表对患者扩张过程中的整体舒适度及其各维度进行评分。对数据进行独立样本
t 检验、χ 2检验。 结果 扩张过程中,TEAS护理组患者整体疼痛程度评分和最剧烈疼痛程度评分为(5.4±1.2)、(6.5±1.0)分,明显低于常规护理组的(6.1±1.3)、(7.5±1.4)分,t =-2.62、-4.00,P <0.05或P <0.01。扩张过程中,TEAS护理组患者整体舒适度生理维度、社会文化维度、心理精神维度、环境维度及总分分别为(9.6±2.9)、(20.1±2.8)、(29.1±1.9)、(22±3)、(80±6)分,明显高于常规护理组的(5.7±2.1)、(16.8±2.8)、(26.0±2.8)、(21±4)、(69±8)分,t =8.03、6.35、7.60、2.11、10.64,P <0.05或P <0.01。 结论 适当强度、频率、持续时间的TEAS可缓解额部皮肤软组织扩张器注水扩张过程中患者的疼痛,改善患者舒适度。Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on pain of patients in expansion process of skin soft tissue dilator on forehead by water injection. Methods From June 2016 to June 2017, 100 patients in expansion process of skin soft tissue dilator on forehead by water injection meeting the inclusion criteria were admitted to Outpatient Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. There were 43 men and 57 women among the patients, aged 27 to 55 years, and the prospective randomized controlled study was performed on them. The patients were divided into TEAS nursing group and routine nursing group according to the random number table, with 50 patients in each group. Patients in routine nursing group were performed with routine nursing in every water injection in outpatient department and 2 days later. On the basis of routine nursing, patients in TEAS nursing group were performed with TEAS treatment by responsible nurses in each water injection in outpatient department. The Shangxing, Diwei, and Hegu points were positioned accurately, and electrical stimulation was performed on the 3 points simultaneously by pulse acupuncture treatment instrument, with 30 minutes each time. Two days after every water injection of outpatient department, TEAS nursing was performed at home by patients and their family members under remote guidance of the responsible nurses, with 2 times each day and 30 minutes each time. Besides, follow-up was done by phone by the responsible nurses everyday. The nursing of patients in the 2 groups lasted the whole expansion process. After the expansion process, the overall pain degree and the most severe pain degree of patients during expansion process were scored by numerical rating scale, and the overall comfort degree and its dimensions of patients during expansion process were scored by the responsible nurses every day by simplified Comfort Status Scale. Data were processed with independent samplet test and chi-square test. Results During expansion process, the overall pain score degree and the most severe pain degree score of patients in TEAS nursing group were (5.4±1.2) and (6.5±1.0) points, which were significantly lower than (6.1±1.3) and (7.5±1.4) points of patients in routine nursing group (t =-2.62, -4.00,P <0.05 orP <0.01). During expansion process, the physiological dimension, sociocultural dimension, psychological spirit dimension, environmental dimension, and total score of the overall comfort degree of patients in TEAS nursing group were (9.6±2.9), (20.1±2.8), (29.1±1.9), (22±3), and (80±6) points, significantly higher than (5.7±2.1), (16.8±2.8), (26.0±2.8), (21±4), and (69±8) points of patients in routine nursing group (t =8.03, 6.35, 7.60, 2.11, 10.64,P <0.05 orP <0.01). Conclusions TEAS with appropriate intensity, frequency, and duration can alleviate the pain of patients during expansion process of skin soft tissue dilator on forehead by water injection and improve their comfort degree.-
Key words:
- Dilatation /
- Pain /
- Electric stimulation therapy /
- Forehead
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