Exploration of the changes of early coagulation function in patients with severe burns

Zhao Jingnan; Jiang Hang; Chen Bin; Tang Wenbin; Deng Zhongyuan; Zhang Tao; Zhang Xuhui; Zhong Xiaomin; Li Xiaojian

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20210915-00320

Volume 39 Issue 11

Nov. 2023

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Article Navigation > CHINESE JOURNAL OF BURNS AND WOUNDS > 2023 > 39(11): 1057-1063

Zhao JN,Jiang H,Chen B,et al.Exploration of the changes of early coagulation function in patients with severe burns[J].Chin J Burns Wounds,2023,39(11):1057-1063.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20210915-00320.

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Exploration of the changes of early coagulation function in patients with severe burns

doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20210915-00320

Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China

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Corresponding author: Li Xiaojian, Email: lixj64@163.com
Received Date: 2021-09-15

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To study the changes of early (i.e., within post injury day (PID) 14) coagulation function in patients with severe burns. Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted. From December 2018 to December 2019, 50 severe burn patients who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University. According to the severity of burns, the patients were divided into severe burn group (17 cases, including 12 males and 5 females) and extremely severe burn group (33 cases, including 26 males and 7 females). The platelet count (PLT), and conventional coagulation indexe and thromboelastogram index levels of patients were collected at admission, post injury hour (PIH) 48 and 72, and on PID 7 and 14. The conventional coagulation indexes included prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), and fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer levels. The thromboelastogram indexes included coagulation angle (i.e., α angle), coagulation composite index (CI), MA value, R value, and K value (reflecting maximum amplitude, coagulation reaction time, and blood agglutination time, respectively). Data were statistically analyzed with independent sample t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and chi-square test. Verification of the mixed effect model was performed on each index data of patients in the two groups, while the repeated measures analysis of variance was performed on PLT. Pearson correlation analysis or Spearman correlation analysis were performed to analyze the correlation between the thromboelastogram index data (except CI) and the PLT and conventional coagulation index data, respectively. Results At admission, PIH 48 and 72, and on PID 7 and 14, PLT of patients in severe burn group were (203±91), (148±70), (123±63), (203±62), (402±140)×10 ⁹/L, respectively, PLT of patients in extremely severe burn group were (235±116), (145±71), (109±52), (235±106), (455±138)×10 ⁹/L, respectively. In overall comparison, only the difference of the main effect of time factor was statistically significant ( F=92.55, P<0.05). In severe burn group, statistically significant differences were only identified in comparison of patients' PLT between PID 7 and the adjacent two time points (at PIH 72 and on PID 14, with both P values <0.05). The differences in PLT of patients between all the adjacent time points in extremely severe burn group were statistically significant ( P<0.05). In the overall comparison of PT, TT, and FIB level of patients in the two groups at each time point, only the difference of main effect of time factor was statistically significant (with F values of 6.04, 8.45, and 32.90, respectively, all P values <0.05), and APTT and FIB level of patients in extremely severe burn group within PID 14 were higher than those in severe burn group. There were statistically significant differences in MA value, α angle, K value, and CI of patients in the two groups at each time point (with F values of 18.82, 11.38, 9.11, and 9.42, respectively, all P values <0.05). MA value was moderately correlated with PLT ( r=0.69, P<0.05), weakly correlated with TT and FIB level (with r values of -0.29 and 0.30 respectively, P<0.05), and very weakly correlated with D-dimer level ( r=-0.15, P<0.05); α angle was moderately correlated with PLT ( r=0.58, P<0.05), and weakly correlated with FIB level and TT (with r values of 0.26 and -0.29, respectively, P<0.05); R value was weakly correlated with APTT and FIB level (with r values of 0.24 and 0.31, respectively, P<0.05), and very weakly correlated with PT and TT (with r values of 0.16 and 0.14, respectively, P<0.05); K value was moderately correlated with PLT ( r=-0.59, P<0.05), and weakly correlated with FIB and TT (with r values of -0.29 and 0.32, respectively, P<0.05), and very weakly correlated with D-dimer level ( r=-0.15, P<0.05). Conclusions Severe burn patients are already characterized with coagulation function changes in early stage, including insufficiency of coagulation function, enhanced platelet aggregation ability and enhanced FIB function. There is a certain correlation between conventional coagulation indexes and thromboelastogram indexes, but they cannot replace each other.
- Burns,
- Blood platelets,
- Thromboelastography,
- Coagulation,
- Early stage post trauma,
- Critical illness

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Exploration of the changes of early coagulation function in patients with severe burns

doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20210915-00320