Skin organoids: an emerging platform from three-dimensional construction to regenerative application

Leng Ling; Xiao Shichu

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20260121-00039

Volume 42 Issue 6

Jun. 2026

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Article Navigation > CHINESE JOURNAL OF BURNS AND WOUNDS > 2026 > 42(6): 522-531

Leng L,Xiao SC.Skin organoids: an emerging platform from three-dimensional construction to regenerative application[J].Chin J Burns Wounds,2026,42(6):522-531.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20260121-00039.

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Skin organoids: an emerging platform from three-dimensional construction to regenerative application

doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20260121-00039

Leng Ling^{1
,
,},
Xiao Shichu²

1.
State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
2.
Burn Institute of PLA, Department of Burn Trauma and Wound Repair, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of Burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200433, China

Funds:

General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China 82572893

Special Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China 82341079

National Key R&D Program of China 2024YFA1108400

Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission Z231100007223009

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences 2023-I2M-3-002

National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding 2025-PUMCH-C-016

More Information

Corresponding author: Leng Ling, Email: lengling@pumch.cn
Received Date: 2026-01-21

Abstract

Abstract

Skin organoids are three-dimensional, self-organized in vitro models that recapitulate the architecture and function of skin tissue. This article comprehensively outlines the current progress and application prospects of skin organoids. Based on complexity, skin organoids can be classified into epidermal, appendage-specific, and full-thickness skin organoids. The construction of skin organoids highly depends on extracellular matrix capable of replicating tissue-specific microenvironment to provide essential physical scaffolding and biochemical cues. Construction strategies encompass natural/synthetic hydrogels scaffold and engineered approaches such as three-dimensional bioprinting, which provide tunable physicochemical and biological support. In terms of applications, skin organoids have been widely used to model physiological and pathological processes, including skin development, tumors, and infectious and inflammatory skin diseases, serving as valuable platforms for studying disease mechanisms and screening drug targets. In the field of wound repair, organoids not only serve as research models to uncover healing mechanisms, but also act as transplantable units that promote re-epithelialization, vascularization, and the regeneration of hair follicles and sweat glands, thereby achieving functional skin restoration. Although skin organoids are currently still facing challenges in terms of structural maturity, vascularization, recapitulation of the immune microenvironment, and heterogeneity, their potential in regenerative medicine, personalized therapy, and translational applications will continue to expand with the advances of technologies such as matrix biology, organ-on-a-chip systems, and automated culture.
- Skin,
- organoids,
- Extracellular matrix,
- Regenerative medicine,
- Tissue engineering,
- Wound repair,
- Three-dimensional culture

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References

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Skin organoids: an emerging platform from three-dimensional construction to regenerative application

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