Application effects of scenario simulation combined with checklist-based teaching in clinical decision-making ability training of nursing interns in burn department
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摘要:
目的 探讨情景模拟联合清单式教学在烧伤科护理实习生(以下简称护生)临床决策能力培训中的应用效果。 方法 该研究为随机对照研究。将2023年7月—2024年3月在陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院(以下简称本院)全军烧伤研究所实习的53名符合入选标准的护生,采用信封法随机分为常规组[25名,男5名、女20名,年龄(21.6±0.8)岁]和联合组[28名,男6名、女22名,年龄(21.2±1.3)岁]。对常规组、联合组护生分别采用常规教学、常规教学基础上的情景模拟联合清单式教学进行临床决策能力培训。培训前后对护生进行理论考试和技能考核、采用护理专业本科生临床决策能力测量问卷测评护生临床决策能力。培训后,采用本院的带教老师满意度调查问卷、护生满意度调查问卷,分别调查带教老师对护生学习情况的满意度和护生对带教老师教学情况的满意度。 结果 培训后,联合组护生理论考试和技能考核得分均明显高于常规组(Z值分别为-5.73、-6.26,P<0.05);常规组、联合组护生培训后理论考试(Z值分别为-6.07、-6.45,P<0.05)和技能考核得分(Z值分别为-6.08、-6.48,P<0.05)均明显高于培训前。培训后,联合组护生临床决策能力总得分及临床环境适应性、临床思维、护患沟通能力、综合基础素质得分[97.00(95.42,98.02)、18.00(17.00,19.00)、25.00(24.10,27.00)、19.00(18.00,20.75)、20.00(19.00,21.75)分]均明显高于常规组[87.90(86.30,90.30)、16.00(14.50,17.00)、24.00(22.35,25.00)、17.00(15.00,18.00)、17.50(16.00,20.00)分,Z值分别为-6.24、-3.45、-2.90、-3.68、-3.27,P<0.05]。联合组护生培训后临床决策能力总得分及临床环境适应性、临床思维、知识结构、护患沟通能力、综合基础素质得分均明显高于培训前(Z值分别为-6.43、-5.21、-5.44、-4.31、-5.02、-6.32,P<0.05);常规组护生培训后除护患沟通能力得分(P>0.05)外,临床决策能力总得分及临床环境适应性、临床思维、知识结构、综合基础素质得分均明显高于培训前(Z值分别为-6.06、-5.06、-5.71、-3.76、-5.90,P<0.05)。培训后,带教老师对联合组护生学习情况的满意度总评分及学习能力、专业能力评分均明显高于常规组(Z值分别为-4.55、-5.45、-3.21,P<0.05),联合组护生对带教老师教学情况的满意度总评分及教学能力、专业能力评分均明显高于常规组(Z值分别为-5.95、-5.99、-5.34,P<0.05)。 结论 情景模拟联合清单式教学可有效提高烧伤科护生的理论和技能水平、临床思维、护患沟通能力,并提升教学满意度。 Abstract:Objective To explore the application effects of scenario simulation combined with checklist-based teaching in clinical decision-making ability training of nursing interns in burn department. Methods This study was a randomized controlled study. A total of 53 nursing interns who met the inclusion criteria and underwent internships at Institute of Burn Research of the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), which was hereinafter referred to as the hospital, from July 2023 to March 2024 were randomly assigned to convention group (n=25, 5 males and 20 females, aged (21.6±0.8) years) and joint group (n=28, 6 males and 22 females, aged (21.2±1.3) years) using the envelope method. The nursing interns in convention group and joint group respectively received conventional teaching and scenario simulation combined with checklist-based teaching based on conventional teaching for clinical decision-making training. Before and after the training, the theoretical examination and skill assessment were performed on nursing interns, the clinical decision-making ability of nursing interns was evaluated with a clinical decision-making ability measurement questionnaire designed for undergraduate nursing students. After training, the satisfaction of the instructors on nursing interns' learning and the satisfaction of the nursing interns on the instructors' teaching were investigated by the instructors' satisfaction questionnaire and nursing interns' satisfaction questionnaire in the hospital, respectively. Results After training, the theoretical examination and skill assessment scores of nursing interns in joint group were significantly higher than those in convention group (with Z values of -5.73 and -6.26, respectively, P<0.05). The theoretical examination (with Z values of -6.07 and -6.45, respectively, P<0.05) and skill assessment (with Z values of -6.08 and -6.48, respectively, P<0.05) scores of nursing interns in joint group and convention group after training were significantly higher than those before training. After training, the total scores of clinical decision-making ability and the scores of adaptability to clinical environment, clinical thinking, nurse-patient communication skills, and comprehensive basic quality of nursing interns in joint group (97.00 (95.42, 98.02), 18.00 (17.00, 19.00), 25.00 (24.10, 27.00), 19.00 (18.00, 20.75), and 20.00 (19.00, 21.75), respectively) were significantly higher than those in convention group (87.90 (86.30, 90.30), 16.00 (14.50, 17.00), 24.00 (22.35, 25.00), 17.00 (15.00, 18.00), and 17.50 (16.00, 20.00), with Z values of -6.24, -3.45, -2.90, -3.68, and -3.27, respectively, P<0.05). The total scores of clinical decision-making ability and the scores of adaptability to clinical environment, clinical thinking, knowledge structure, nurse-patient communication skills, and comprehensive basic quality of nursing interns in joint group after training were significantly higher than those before training (with Z values of -6.43, -5.21, -5.44, -4.31, -5.02, and -6.32, respectively, P<0.05). Except for the scores of nurse-patient communication skills, the total scores of clinical decision-making ability and the scores of adaptability to clinical environment, clinical thinking, knowledge structure, and comprehensive basic quality of nursing interns in convention group after training were significantly higher than those before training (with Z values of -6.06, -5.06, -5.71, -3.76, and -5.90, respectively, P<0.05). After training, the total scores of satisfaction of the instructors on nursing interns' learning and the scores of learning ability and professional competence in joint group were significantly higher than those in convention group (with Z values of -4.55, -5.45, and -3.21, respectively, P<0.05); the total scores of satisfaction of the nursing interns on the instructors' teaching and the scores of teaching ability and professional competence in joint group were significantly higher than those in convention group (with Z values of -5.95, -5.99, and -5.34, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions Scenario simulation combined with checklist-based teaching can effectively enhance the theoretical and skill levels, clinical thinking, and nurse-patient communication skills of nursing interns in burn department, as well as improve teaching and learning satisfaction. -
Key words:
- Burns /
- Nursing care /
- Clinical decision-making /
- Nursing interns /
- Scenario simulation /
- Checklist-based teaching
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参考文献
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Table 1. 针对联合组烧伤科护理实习生的烧伤休克患者情景演练案例
场景编号 情景设置 标准化患者病情 标准化患者反应 护理实习生干预 场景1 医师到达前 烦躁,面色苍白,四肢湿冷,体温36.5 ℃,脉搏120次/min,呼吸频率24次/min,血压95/56 mmHg,外周血氧饱和度0.93 自诉口渴、想喝水,全身发冷,伤后一直未解小便 (1)快速评估患者受伤环境是否密闭、是否大声呼救、是否有声嘶等情况,排除吸入性损伤;(2)优先选择粗大的血管建立双通道静脉通路补液;(3)高流量吸氧;(4)心电监护;(5)导尿;(6)保证患者安全 场景2 医师到达后 外周血氧饱和度下降至0.88 神情淡漠,反应迟钝 准确执行口头医嘱:(1)补充代血浆;(2)使用输液泵;(3)静脉采血;(4)动脉采血;(5)血气分析;(6)病情(生命体征、意识、外周血氧饱和度、尿量、管道情况等)观察、报告、记录 场景3 患者病情好转 肢端转暖,体温36.4 ℃,脉搏95次/min,呼吸频率21次/min,血压110/66 mmHg,外周血氧饱和度0.95 躁动 (1)安抚患者情绪,合理约束;(2)补抢救护理记录;(3)继续做好病情观察 注:对联合组护理实习生在常规教学基础上开展情景模拟联合清单式教学进行临床决策能力培训;演练案例病情描述如下,患者男,70岁,3 h前在家中不慎被乙醇火焰烧伤,伤后即来就诊,创面分布于前躯干、四肢等全身多处,前躯干及双上肢创面有大小不等的水疱、部分腐皮脱落、创基红润,双下肢散在创面创基红白相间,入院诊断为躯干、四肢乙醇火焰烧伤52%体表总面积(TBSA),其中深Ⅱ度31%TBSA、浅Ⅱ度21%TBSA;1 mmHg=0.133 kPa;表中护理实习生干预的内容要按序号先后次序执行;注意事项为在执行各项操作时,需要避开烧伤创面,优先选择皮肤完好的部位实施操作,若无完好皮肤,可考虑在创面上实施操作 Table 2. 2组烧伤科护理实习生培训前后理论考试和技能考核得分比较[分,M(Q1,Q3)]
组别与时间点 人数 理论考试得分 技能考核得分 常规组 25 培训前 66.00(64.00,70.00) 78.00(76.00,79.50) 培训后 91.00(89.00,93.00) 92.00(90.00,93.00) 联合组 28 培训前 68.50(65.25,70.00) 78.00(77.00,82.00) 培训后 97.00(96.00,98.00) 97.00(96.00,97.00) Z1值 -1.41 -1.17 P1值 0.159 0.244 Z2值 -5.73 -6.26 P2值 <0.001 <0.001 Z3值 -6.07 -6.08 P3值 <0.001 <0.001 Z4值 -6.45 -6.48 P4值 <0.001 <0.001 注:对常规组、联合组护理实习生分别采用常规教学、常规教学基础上的情景模拟联合清单式教学进行临床决策能力培训;Z1值、P1值,Z2值、P2值分别为2组间培训前、后各指标比较所得;Z3值、P3值,Z4值、P4值分别为常规组、联合组组内培训前后比较所得 Table 3. 2组烧伤科护理实习生培训前后临床决策能力得分比较[分,M(Q1,Q3)]
组别与时间点 人数 临床环境适应性得分 临床思维得分 知识结构得分 护患沟通能力得分 综合基础素质得分 总得分 常规组 25 培训前 12.00(11.50,13.00) 13.00(12.00,17.35) 10.20(8.65,12.00) 15.00(12.00,17.00) 12.00(10.00,14.00) 70.90(65.70,73.15) 培训后 16.00(14.50,17.00) 24.00(22.35,25.00) 13.50(11.25,14.55) 17.00(15.00,18.00) 17.50(16.00,20.00) 87.90(86.30,90.30) 联合组 28 培训前 13.50(10.00,15.00) 19.55(18.40,22.22) 11.00(9.62,12.82) 16.00(13.50,17.00) 11.00(9.00,12.00) 70.50(66.87,74.82) 培训后 18.00(17.00,19.00) 25.00(24.10,27.00) 13.95(13.10,15.37) 19.00(18.00,20.75) 20.00(19.00,21.75) 97.00(95.42,98.02) Z1值 -0.78 -0.98 -1.56 -0.77 -1.09 -0.62 P1值 0.438 0.327 0.119 0.444 0.710 0.533 Z2值 -3.45 -2.90 -1.73 -3.68 -3.27 -6.24 P2值 0.001 0.004 0.084 <0.001 0.001 <0.001 Z3值 -5.06 -5.71 -3.76 -2.48 -5.90 -6.06 P3值 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.130 <0.001 <0.001 Z4值 -5.21 -5.44 -4.31 -5.02 -6.32 -6.43 P4值 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 注:对常规组、联合组护理实习生分别采用常规教学、常规教学基础上的情景模拟联合清单式教学进行临床决策能力培训;Z1值、P1值,Z2值、P2值分别为2组间培训前、后各指标比较所得;Z3值、P3值,Z4值、P4值分别为常规组、联合组组内培训前后比较所得 Table 4. 培训后带教老师对2组烧伤科护理实习生学习情况的满意度评分比较[分,M(Q1,Q3)]
组别 人数 学习能力评分 专业能力评分 行为规范评分 综合能力评分 总评分 常规组 25 22.00(21.00,23.00) 21.00(20.00,23.00) 25.00(25.00,25.00) 25.00(25.00,25.00) 94.00(91.00,95.00) 联合组 28 25.00(23.00,25.00) 23.50(21.25,25.00) 25.00(25.00,25.00) 25.00(25.00,25.00) 97.50(95.25,100) Z值 -5.45 -3.21 -1.06 -0.71 -4.55 P值 <0.001 0.001 0.290 0.477 <0.001 注:对常规组、联合组护理实习生分别采用常规教学、常规教学基础上的情景模拟联合清单式教学进行临床决策能力培训 Table 5. 培训后2组烧伤科护理实习生对带教老师教学情况的满意度评分比较[分,M(Q1,Q3)]
组别 人数 教学能力评分 专业能力评分 行为规范评分 综合能力评分 总评分 常规组 25 24.00(23.00,24.00) 24.00(23.00,24.00) 25.00(25.00,25.00) 25.00(25.00,25.00) 97.00(95.50,98.00) 联合组 28 25.00(25.00,25.00) 25.00(25.00,25.00) 25.00(25.00,25.00) 25.00(25.00,25.00) 100(100,100) Z值 -5.99 -5.34 0 0 -5.95 P值 <0.001 0.001 >0.999 >0.999 <0.001 注:对常规组、联合组护理实习生分别采用常规教学、常规教学基础上的情景模拟联合清单式教学进行临床决策能力培训 -
烧伤科护理实习生教学清单.doc